See aba in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "'aba"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "agûera"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "amongy"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "apopora"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "aso'îaba"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "aúra"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "aûana"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "gûaraabuku"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "gûarasyaba"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "pepoata'yba"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "pyaba"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "samongy"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "tu'ĩatĩ'yba"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "îandûaba"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "îatyrãbebé"
}
],
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"3": "I"
},
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},
{
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},
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},
{
"args": {
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"2": "tup-gua-pro",
"3": "*rap",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Tupi-Guarani *rap",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
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{
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"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mav",
"2": "sap"
},
"expansion": "Sateré-Mawé sap",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gug",
"2": "ague"
},
"expansion": "Paraguayan Guarani ague",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Proto-Tupi-Guarani *rap, from Proto-Mawé-Guaraní *t͡sap, from Proto-Tupian *jap.\nCognate with Sateré-Mawé sap, Paraguayan Guarani ague.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "taba",
"tags": [
"absolute"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tpw",
"10": "raba",
"11": "R2",
"12": "saba",
"13": "",
"14": "o eaba",
"15": "",
"16": "",
"17": "",
"18": "",
"2": "noun",
"3": "possessable",
"4": "",
"5": "IIa class pluriform",
"6": "",
"7": "absolute",
"8": "taba",
"9": "R1",
"cat2": "IIa class nouns",
"cat3": "possessable nouns",
"cat4": "pluriform nouns",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "aba (possessable, IIa class pluriform, absolute taba, R1 raba, R2 saba)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "p",
"2": "IIa"
},
"expansion": "aba (possessable, IIa class pluriform, absolute taba, R1 raba, R2 saba)",
"name": "tpw-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Old Tupi",
"lang_code": "tpw",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "53 4 43 0 0",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "tpw",
"name": "Hair",
"orig": "tpw:Hair",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"body hair"
],
"id": "en-aba-tpw-noun-HkXZsyFS",
"links": [
[
"body hair",
"body hair"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"fur (hairy coat of various mammal species)"
],
"id": "en-aba-tpw-noun-V43pIjCD",
"links": [
[
"fur",
"fur"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "5 2 90 1 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Tupi entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 3 64 3 23",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "tpw",
"name": "Fabrics",
"orig": "tpw:Fabrics",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 3 81 3 3",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "tpw",
"name": "Feathers",
"orig": "tpw:Feathers",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "20 13 62 3 3",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "tpw",
"name": "Fibers",
"orig": "tpw:Fibers",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
6,
9
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
7,
15
]
],
"english": "pigeon feathers",
"text": "pykasuaba",
"translation": "pigeon feathers",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"contour feather; plumage"
],
"id": "en-aba-tpw-noun-tUYjzek5",
"links": [
[
"contour feather",
"contour feather"
],
[
"plumage",
"plumage"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"wool"
],
"id": "en-aba-tpw-noun-~rZyoubq",
"links": [
[
"wool",
"wool"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"woolen fabric"
],
"id": "en-aba-tpw-noun-bFyQPCZc",
"links": [
[
"woolen",
"woolen"
],
[
"fabric",
"fabric"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈa.β̞a/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-aβa"
}
],
"word": "aba"
}
{
"categories": [
"Old Tupi IIa class nouns",
"Old Tupi entries with incorrect language header",
"Old Tupi lemmas",
"Old Tupi nouns",
"Old Tupi palindromes",
"Old Tupi pluriform nouns",
"Old Tupi possessable nouns",
"Old Tupi terms derived from Proto-Tupi-Guarani",
"Old Tupi terms derived from Proto-Tupian",
"Old Tupi terms inherited from Proto-Tupi-Guarani",
"Old Tupi terms inherited from Proto-Tupian",
"Pages using etymon with no ID",
"Pages with 65 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymon",
"Rhymes:Old Tupi/aβa",
"tpw:Fabrics",
"tpw:Feathers",
"tpw:Fibers",
"tpw:Hair"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "'aba"
},
{
"word": "agûera"
},
{
"word": "amongy"
},
{
"word": "apopora"
},
{
"word": "aso'îaba"
},
{
"word": "aúra"
},
{
"word": "aûana"
},
{
"word": "gûaraabuku"
},
{
"word": "gûarasyaba"
},
{
"word": "pepoata'yba"
},
{
"word": "pyaba"
},
{
"word": "samongy"
},
{
"word": "tu'ĩatĩ'yba"
},
{
"word": "îandûaba"
},
{
"word": "îatyrãbebé"
}
],
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"2": "i",
"3": "I"
},
"expansion": "I",
"name": "yesno"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tpw",
"2": "tup-gua-pro",
"3": "*rap",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Tupi-Guarani *rap",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tpw",
"2": "tup-gua-pro",
"3": "*rap"
},
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"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tpw",
"2": "tup-pro",
"3": "*jap"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Tupian *jap",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mav",
"2": "sap"
},
"expansion": "Sateré-Mawé sap",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gug",
"2": "ague"
},
"expansion": "Paraguayan Guarani ague",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Proto-Tupi-Guarani *rap, from Proto-Mawé-Guaraní *t͡sap, from Proto-Tupian *jap.\nCognate with Sateré-Mawé sap, Paraguayan Guarani ague.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "taba",
"tags": [
"absolute"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tpw",
"10": "raba",
"11": "R2",
"12": "saba",
"13": "",
"14": "o eaba",
"15": "",
"16": "",
"17": "",
"18": "",
"2": "noun",
"3": "possessable",
"4": "",
"5": "IIa class pluriform",
"6": "",
"7": "absolute",
"8": "taba",
"9": "R1",
"cat2": "IIa class nouns",
"cat3": "possessable nouns",
"cat4": "pluriform nouns",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "aba (possessable, IIa class pluriform, absolute taba, R1 raba, R2 saba)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "p",
"2": "IIa"
},
"expansion": "aba (possessable, IIa class pluriform, absolute taba, R1 raba, R2 saba)",
"name": "tpw-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Old Tupi",
"lang_code": "tpw",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"body hair"
],
"links": [
[
"body hair",
"body hair"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"fur (hairy coat of various mammal species)"
],
"links": [
[
"fur",
"fur"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Old Tupi terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
6,
9
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
7,
15
]
],
"english": "pigeon feathers",
"text": "pykasuaba",
"translation": "pigeon feathers",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"contour feather; plumage"
],
"links": [
[
"contour feather",
"contour feather"
],
[
"plumage",
"plumage"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"wool"
],
"links": [
[
"wool",
"wool"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"woolen fabric"
],
"links": [
[
"woolen",
"woolen"
],
[
"fabric",
"fabric"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈa.β̞a/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-aβa"
}
],
"word": "aba"
}
Download raw JSONL data for aba meaning in Old Tupi (3.3kB)
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"msg": "unrecognized head form: possessable",
"path": [
"aba"
],
"section": "Old Tupi",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "aba",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1698",
"msg": "unrecognized head form: IIa class pluriform",
"path": [
"aba"
],
"section": "Old Tupi",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "aba",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1698",
"msg": "unrecognized head form: R1 raba",
"path": [
"aba"
],
"section": "Old Tupi",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "aba",
"trace": ""
}
{
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"msg": "unrecognized head form: R2 saba",
"path": [
"aba"
],
"section": "Old Tupi",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "aba",
"trace": ""
}
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"subsection": "",
"title": "aba",
"trace": "<!DOCTYPE html>\n<html lang=\"en\">\n<meta charset=\"utf-8\">\n<title>Wikimedia Error</title>\n<style>\n* { margin: 0; padding: 0; }\nbody { background: #fff; font: 15px/1.6 sans-serif; color: #333; }\n.content { margin: 7% auto 0; padding: 2em 1em 1em; max-width: 640px; display: flex; flex-direction: row; flex-wrap: wrap; }\n.footer { clear: both; margin-top: 14%; border-top: 1px solid #e5e5e5; background: #f9f9f9; padding: 2em 0; font-size: 0.8em; text-align: center; }\nimg { margin: 0 2em 2em 0; }\na img { border: 0; }\nh1 { margin-top: 1em; font-size: 1.2em; }\n.content-text { flex: 1; }\np { margin: 0.7em 0 1em 0; }\na { color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none; }\na:hover { text-decoration: underline; }\ncode { font-family: sans-serif; }\nsummary { font-weight: bold; cursor: pointer; }\ndetails[open] { background: #970302; color: #dfdedd; }\n.text-muted { color: #777; }\n@media (prefers-color-scheme: dark) {\n a { color: #9e9eff; }\n body { background: transparent; color: #ddd; }\n .footer { border-top: 1px solid #444; background: #060606; }\n #logo { filter: invert(1) hue-rotate(180deg); }\n .text-muted { color: #888; }\n}\n</style>\n<meta name=\"color-scheme\" content=\"light dark\">\n<div class=\"content\" role=\"main\">\n<a href=\"https://www.wikimedia.org\"><img id=\"logo\" src=\"https://www.wikimedia.org/static/images/wmf-logo.png\" srcset=\"https://www.wikimedia.org/static/images/wmf-logo-2x.png 2x\" alt=\"Wikimedia\" width=\"135\" height=\"101\">\n</a>\n<div class=\"content-text\">\n<h1>Error</h1>\n\n<p>Your bot is making too many requests. Please reduce your request rate or contact bot-traffic@wikimedia.org (f263c81)</p>\n</div>\n</div>\n<div class=\"footer\"><p>If you report this error to the Wikimedia System Administrators, please include the details below.</p><p class=\"text-muted\"><code>Request served via cp3073 cp3073, Varnish XID 77236374<br>Upstream caches: cp3073 int<br>Error: 429, Your bot is making too many requests. Please reduce your request rate or contact bot-traffic@wikimedia.org (f263c81) at Wed, 26 Aug 2026 09:32:14 GMT<br><details><summary>Sensitive client information</summary>IP address: 91.207.79.37</details></code></p>\n</div>\n</html>\n"
}
{
"called_from": "query_wikidata_json",
"msg": "WIKIDATA QUERY failed",
"path": [
"aba",
"Template:cog",
"#invoke",
"#invoke",
"Lua:Module:etymology/templates:cognate()"
],
"section": "Old Tupi",
"subsection": "",
"title": "aba",
"trace": "<!DOCTYPE html>\n<html lang=\"en\">\n<meta charset=\"utf-8\">\n<title>Wikimedia Error</title>\n<style>\n* { margin: 0; padding: 0; }\nbody { background: #fff; font: 15px/1.6 sans-serif; color: #333; }\n.content { margin: 7% auto 0; padding: 2em 1em 1em; max-width: 640px; display: flex; flex-direction: row; flex-wrap: wrap; }\n.footer { clear: both; margin-top: 14%; border-top: 1px solid #e5e5e5; background: #f9f9f9; padding: 2em 0; font-size: 0.8em; text-align: center; }\nimg { margin: 0 2em 2em 0; }\na img { border: 0; }\nh1 { margin-top: 1em; font-size: 1.2em; }\n.content-text { flex: 1; }\np { margin: 0.7em 0 1em 0; }\na { color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none; }\na:hover { text-decoration: underline; }\ncode { font-family: sans-serif; }\nsummary { font-weight: bold; cursor: pointer; }\ndetails[open] { background: #970302; color: #dfdedd; }\n.text-muted { color: #777; }\n@media (prefers-color-scheme: dark) {\n a { color: #9e9eff; }\n body { background: transparent; color: #ddd; }\n .footer { border-top: 1px solid #444; background: #060606; }\n #logo { filter: invert(1) hue-rotate(180deg); }\n .text-muted { color: #888; }\n}\n</style>\n<meta name=\"color-scheme\" content=\"light dark\">\n<div class=\"content\" role=\"main\">\n<a href=\"https://www.wikimedia.org\"><img id=\"logo\" src=\"https://www.wikimedia.org/static/images/wmf-logo.png\" srcset=\"https://www.wikimedia.org/static/images/wmf-logo-2x.png 2x\" alt=\"Wikimedia\" width=\"135\" height=\"101\">\n</a>\n<div class=\"content-text\">\n<h1>Error</h1>\n\n<p>Your bot is making too many requests. Please reduce your request rate or contact bot-traffic@wikimedia.org (f263c81)</p>\n</div>\n</div>\n<div class=\"footer\"><p>If you report this error to the Wikimedia System Administrators, please include the details below.</p><p class=\"text-muted\"><code>Request served via cp3073 cp3073, Varnish XID 39895519<br>Upstream caches: cp3073 int<br>Error: 429, Your bot is making too many requests. Please reduce your request rate or contact bot-traffic@wikimedia.org (f263c81) at Wed, 26 Aug 2026 09:33:09 GMT<br><details><summary>Sensitive client information</summary>IP address: 91.207.79.37</details></code></p>\n</div>\n</html>\n"
}
{
"called_from": "query_wikidata_json",
"msg": "WIKIDATA QUERY failed",
"path": [
"aba",
"Template:cog",
"#invoke",
"#invoke",
"Lua:Module:etymology/templates:cognate()"
],
"section": "Old Tupi",
"subsection": "",
"title": "aba",
"trace": "<!DOCTYPE html>\n<html lang=\"en\">\n<meta charset=\"utf-8\">\n<title>Wikimedia Error</title>\n<style>\n* { margin: 0; padding: 0; }\nbody { background: #fff; font: 15px/1.6 sans-serif; color: #333; }\n.content { margin: 7% auto 0; padding: 2em 1em 1em; max-width: 640px; display: flex; flex-direction: row; flex-wrap: wrap; }\n.footer { clear: both; margin-top: 14%; border-top: 1px solid #e5e5e5; background: #f9f9f9; padding: 2em 0; font-size: 0.8em; text-align: center; }\nimg { margin: 0 2em 2em 0; }\na img { border: 0; }\nh1 { margin-top: 1em; font-size: 1.2em; }\n.content-text { flex: 1; }\np { margin: 0.7em 0 1em 0; }\na { color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none; }\na:hover { text-decoration: underline; }\ncode { font-family: sans-serif; }\nsummary { font-weight: bold; cursor: pointer; }\ndetails[open] { background: #970302; color: #dfdedd; }\n.text-muted { color: #777; }\n@media (prefers-color-scheme: dark) {\n a { color: #9e9eff; }\n body { background: transparent; color: #ddd; }\n .footer { border-top: 1px solid #444; background: #060606; }\n #logo { filter: invert(1) hue-rotate(180deg); }\n .text-muted { color: #888; }\n}\n</style>\n<meta name=\"color-scheme\" content=\"light dark\">\n<div class=\"content\" role=\"main\">\n<a href=\"https://www.wikimedia.org\"><img id=\"logo\" src=\"https://www.wikimedia.org/static/images/wmf-logo.png\" srcset=\"https://www.wikimedia.org/static/images/wmf-logo-2x.png 2x\" alt=\"Wikimedia\" width=\"135\" height=\"101\">\n</a>\n<div class=\"content-text\">\n<h1>Error</h1>\n\n<p>Your bot is making too many requests. Please reduce your request rate or contact bot-traffic@wikimedia.org (f263c81)</p>\n</div>\n</div>\n<div class=\"footer\"><p>If you report this error to the Wikimedia System Administrators, please include the details below.</p><p class=\"text-muted\"><code>Request served via cp3073 cp3073, Varnish XID 77859678<br>Upstream caches: cp3073 int<br>Error: 429, Your bot is making too many requests. Please reduce your request rate or contact bot-traffic@wikimedia.org (f263c81) at Wed, 26 Aug 2026 09:34:05 GMT<br><details><summary>Sensitive client information</summary>IP address: 91.207.79.37</details></code></p>\n</div>\n</html>\n"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Old Tupi dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-08-28 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-08-05 using wiktextract (872fc7b and 4deed51). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.